{"id":2137,"date":"2023-02-03T23:02:06","date_gmt":"2023-02-03T22:02:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wreckhunters.local\/?page_id=2137"},"modified":"2025-01-21T16:10:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T15:10:54","slug":"ju-87-r-2-stuka","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wreckhunters.eu\/en\/ju-87-r-2-stuka\/","title":{"rendered":"Ju 87-2 Stuka"},"content":{"rendered":"
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JU 87 R-2 STUKA AIRCRAFT<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The Junkers Ju 87 R-2 Stuka is a strike bomber from the Second World War, it was discovered in 2014 on the southern side of the island of \u017dirje during an inspection of some of the fishing positions. This underwater find represents a rarity on a global scale, and was therefore declared a protected cultural asset of the Republic of Croatia in the year of its discovery, following a summery procedure. With several concession approvals granted to interested diving centers, the wreckage of this plane soon became one of the most attractive and tourist-visited underwater locations on the Croatian side of the Adriatic<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authors:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ZORAN DELIBA\u0160I\u0106, BORIS GREGURI\u0106<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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In 2014, during the weekend of September 12 to 14, a traditional commemoration of the anniversary of the Battle of \u0160ibenik from the Patriotic War was held on the island of \u017dirje in the organization of the \"Ru\u017ea Hrvatska\" Defense Cooperative. It was more modest than in previous years, due to catastrophic weather conditions that caused great material damage to the coast and islands of \u0160ibenik-Knin County.\nOn that occasion, however, several planned dives were carried out in the undersea \u017dirje, organized by the Department of Underwater Archeology of the Croatian Restoration Institute, led by Igor Miholjek and Zoran Deliba\u0161i\u0107 from the Diving Club ZG - SUB from Zagreb (today's Wreck Hunters Adriatic), and Davor Puri\u0107 from the Military Museum of the Ministry of Defense.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Airplane Ju 87 R-2 Stuka<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In addition to the already known localities, it was planned to check several new positions pointed out by the fishing community. To the great surprise of the divers, an extremely valuable find was<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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discovered at one of the sites on the southern side of the island \u2013 a Junkers Ju 87 Stuka crash bomber from the Second World War! The plane is without an engine, but other than that it is completely intact and in very good condition, and even supported by its wheels, as if it landed smoothly on the seabed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The engine was not lost either<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Seven years earlier, it was found by the manager of the \"Ru\u017ea Hrvatska\" defense cooperative \u017deljko \u0160i\u017egori\u0107 while diving at the outer cape of Tratinska bay. The engine and some smaller parts of the aircraft of an unknown type were located at a depth of about 40 meters. \u0160i\u017egori\u0107 lifted the engine with a diving parachute and dragged it deeper inside the bay, in order to avoid the possibility of it being caught in trawl nets and dragged further offshore.\nThe plane's kite (fuselage and wings) rests at a depth of 28 meters, some 700 meters away from where the engine was found. An examination of the Ju 87 indicates that, probably when it hit the sea, the entire nose of the<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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aircraft (engine with mounts and radiator) broke off and was thrown behind the fuselage, damaging the windshield and the glass cover of the cockpit. The engine undoubtedly sank immediately, while the remaining part of the aircraft floated for some time carried by the mistral and waves, gradually filling with water, and then, having sunk, landed very neatly on the seabed in its current position.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Museum exhibit<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Along with the \"Flying Fortress\" B-17 near Vis, this is only the second aircraft in the underwater world of the Republic of Croatia that was found practically intact. The value of this find in a global context is underlined by the fact that, out of a total of 5,709 produced, only two Ju 87s have been preserved in museums in London and Chicago, while two wrecks of this type of aircraft have been retrieved from the seabed of France and Greece and exhibited and both in far worse condition than the \"\u017dirjan\" Junkers.\nThere is no doubt that this exceptional find needs to be secured until the conditions are created for the \u2192<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2192 careful restoration of the aircraft and its display as a particularly valuable museum exhibit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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After the Ju 87 was found near \u017dirje, the question of its identification arose. Information that aviation enthusiasts from Zagreb and Opatija found in the literature and collected on forums confirmed that a total of five Junkers Ju 87 aircraft were shot down in the wider area of \u200b\u200b\u0160ibenik during the Second World War. Two Ju 87 earlier versions (B or R) were shot down on April 11 or 12, 1941, and three Ju 87 D on October 21, 1943. Versions B and R were practically indistinguishable from the outside, but the Ju 87 R was equipped with an additional fuel distribution system that made it possible to carry two additional tanks with a volume of 300 l each under the wings, as a result of which the flight of the fully armed aircraft (that with a 250 kg bomb under the fuselage, and tanks instead of bombs under the wings) increased from 500 to over 1100 km.\nAll the Junkers shot down near \u0160ibenik<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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in the April War belonged to the Italian Air Force. The Military Airforce of Italy purchased a total of 52 Ju 87 B-2 and 50 Ju 87 R-2. Ju 87 R planes could operate from bases in Sicily over Malta and even bomb Allied forces in Libya. Aircraft delivered from August 1940 to July 1941 were given military registration numbers (Matricola militare \/ M.M.) 7047 to 7098, those delivered later 8009 to 8058. The last Ju 87 R was received in October 1942.\nDuring the April War, the 97th group of attack bombers of the AF of Italy operated over Yugoslavia. Both of its squadrons, 238 and 239, were stationed in Albania since October 1940 for operations on the Italian-Greek front in Epirus. At the beginning of the attack on Yugoslavia, they were given the task of operating over Yugoslavia as well. Already on the first day, April 6, 1941, a Ju 87 R-2 (Werk Nummer 5773 \/ Matricola militare 7086) from the 239th squadron was shot down near Boka Kotorska. The very next day, the squadron moved to the Jesi auxiliary airfield in the hinterland of Ancona to protect the Italian enclave<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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of Zadar.\nYugoslav naval and air forces for action against Zadar were concentrated primarily in the area of \u200b\u200b\u0160ibenik. In professional literature, information can be found about the attack of three Ju 87s from the 239th Squadron of the 97th Bombardment Group (239th Squadriglia, 97 Gruppo Bombardamento a tuffo) on April 12, 1941, on the ships of the Second Torpedo Division of the Yugoslav Royal Navy in the channel Krka, i.e. in the Bay of \u0160ibenik, and on aircraft of the 26th Hydro Squadron stationed in the coves around Jadrtovac near \u0160ibenik. Two Ju 87s were shot down - at least one of them by fire from improvised machine-gun \"nests\" that the technical personnel of the hydro squadron had made from turrets dismantled from three Dornier Do J \"Wal\" hydroplanes damaged in the previous air attack.\n The shape of the cabin cover was enough to confirm that it was one of the planes shot down on April 12 lying near \u017dirje. As it is located about 220 km as the crow flies from \u0160ibenik, logic dictated that the attack was carried out with \u2192<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2192 a Ju 87 R - namely, flying with a full load of bombs to \u0160ibenik and back, with the necessary maneuvering over the target, the version B planes would reach the very limit of the action radius, and the slightest deviation from the course or a head wind would make it impossible for them to return to the base. The assumption about the R-2 was confirmed during the next dive, when the fuel distribution connection points for connecting the supplementary tanks were observed on the underside of the wing, and a plate was found in the cockpit with a warning that the supplementary tanks should only be discarded in horizontal flight.\nThe question of the exact identification of that Ju 87 R-2 remains. Neither the serial number nor the military registration number, nor the squadron number, have yet been found on the aircraft. The various data on the Ju 87 that participated in the attack on \u0160ibenik on April 12, 1941 are often contradictory, but ultimately the following<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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conclusion emerges with great probability:\n \u2013 one Ju 87, damaged by Yugoslav PZO fire, made a forced landing in the wider area of \u200b\u200b\u0160ibenik; crew (Mar.Pil. Luigi Acerbi \/ Av.Mot. Ruggero Pittini) captured, Pittini died, Acerbi returned to the unit after the capitulation of Yugoslavia;\n\u2013 one Ju 87 (crew Ten.Pil. Carlo Bongiovanni \/ Av.Sc.Mot. Alberto Boscolo) was damaged and forced to land in the sea near \u017dirje;\n\u2013 the third Ju 87 followed Bongiovanni's plane and dropped his lifeboat, and circled over the forced landing area until it ran out of fuel (or, according to other data, an engine problem appeared), after which it headed towards Zadar and landed on the Italian territory near the city; the plane was damaged, but the crew (Ten.Pil. Giacomo Ragazzini \/ Av.Mot. Gaetano Musolino) escaped without injury\nIt is obvious that the plane of the Bongiovanni \/ Boscolo crew is lying near \u017dirje. The position of the cabin cover clearly shows that both members left the plane, but according to the available information, they did not survive.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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So far, several dives have been carried out on two occasions at the location of the Ju 87. The decision to remove part of the cockpit with the basic flight instruments and the MG 15 machine gun of the radio operator-gunner proved to be correct; namely, the competent Conservation Department of the Ministry of Culture issued a ban on diving, but its implementation in practice is questionable. The lack of supervision, as in many similar cases, is taken advantage of by domestic and foreign divers - recently it was noticed that the control stick was missing from the cockpit. The interestingness of the find and the price that parts of the Ju 87 can fetch on the collector's market clearly indicate that this is only the first such incident, and that the looting of the site will not stop.\nWe can only hope that the very beginning of the devastation of the aircraft by unscrupulous visitors will encourage the \u2192<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2192 competent authorities of the Republic of Croatia to ensure the removal of the aircraft and initially - its storage for desalination, and ultimately its restoration and display in the Military Museum of the Ministry of Defense, which is showed great interest in it. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bombing from a steep dive \/ crash already in the First World War proved to be more accurate than that from a horizontal flight, and therefore particularly suitable for destroying small, \"point\" targets. The first planes built for this purpose appeared in the mid-1920s. During the 1930s, they were developed by all major air forces.\nThe first German attack bomber, the Heinkel He 50, was commissioned by the Japan AF. However, tests and experiments on the Junkers K47 aircraft had already been carried out in secret in Germany. As a result of these tests, new devices were developed, among other things, intended specifically for attack bombers - a special aimer, and a device for extracting the aircraft from a dive into horizontal flight. The latter device turned out to be necessary<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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at higher speeds and the degree of descent, because it happened that the pilot lost consciousness for a short time due to the gravitational load.\nWith the coming to power of the Nazi party, the rapid development of the armed forces was initiated in Germany. Among the new types of aircraft were also attack bombers. In the winter of 1933\/1934. it was decided to approach the development of two types of dive bombers a light one-seater, and a heavy two-seater, with an all-metal construction. The heavy bomber (Sturzkampfflugzeug, abbreviated Stuka) was developed in the largest and most technically advanced aviation company Junkers-Werke AG as type 87.\nThe Ju 87 prototype appeared in 1935, serial production began in 1937, and already in 1938 the aircraft was tested in combat conditions in the Spanish Civil War. The first version, the Ju 87A, could not carry more than 500 kg of bombs due to an insufficiently powerful engine. From 1938, version B was produced with almost twice as powerful Jumo 211 engine; payload of bombs doubled.\n The specific appearance, high effectiveness in conditions of air superiority, and the devastating effect on the<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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enemy's morale on the ground (the crash was accompanied by the sound of sirens mounted on the legs of the landing gear, and often by whistles on the bomb stabilizers) made the Ju 87 and the Stuka synonymous.\nThe relatively small radius of action of the Ju 87B was initially solved by the R version. Already in the summer of 1941, the production of the most numerous model, the Ju 87D, began. The loss of air superiority led to the Ju 87 being increasingly used as a light bomber\/attacker. Already in 1943, a new, specialized version was created: by installing 37 mm guns under the wings, the Ju 87D became the G. But the conditions on the battlefield became more and more unfavorable for the Ju 87, and the aircraft was gradually replaced by the Fw 190F fighter. However, the Ju 87 remained in front-line units until the end of the war. Production of the Ju 87 ceased in December 1944. As the Junkers facilities were busy with the production of other types of aircraft, most of the Ju 87, including the example at \u017dirje, was produced by the Weser Flugzeugbau company.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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ZRAKOPLOV JU 87 R-2 STUKA Junkers Ju 87 R-2 Stuka je obru\u0161avaju\u0107i bombarder iz Drugog svjetskog rata, otkriven je 2014. godine na ju\u017enoj strani otoka \u017dirja tijekom provjere nekih od ribarskih pozicija. Ovaj podmorski nalaz predstavlja raritet u svjetskim razmjerima, te je stoga progla\u0161en za\u0161ti\u0107enim kulturnim dobrom Republike Hrvatske u godini pronalaska, po hitnoj proceduri. […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2137","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nJu 87 R-2 Stuka | Wreck Hunters Adriatic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ju 87 R-2 Stuka iz Drugog svjetskog rata, prona\u0111en je ju\u017eno od otoka \u017dirja. 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